Jennifer-

Having a good patient-provider relationship can have a positive impact on the health status of the patient. This helps to increase the quality of care the patients receive from the provider. Sometimes this is not the case for vulnerable populations. Vulnerable populations tend to have difficulties and challenges when it comes to their patient-provider relationship. This can hinder the care and services that may be seeking. One reason is communication. Communication plays a critical role in the overall care the patient receives (Kamimura, Higham, Rathi, Panahi, Lee, & Ashby, 2020). One factor that is a roadblock in communication between the patient and the provider is the lack or low levels of health literacy which can have a negative impact on the health of the patient. Individuals in certain vulnerable populations do not have the background or elevated level of education to understand what the provider is saying regarding their health conditions. This can lead to lower quality of care for the patient seeking services (Kamimura et al., 2020). To overcome this barrier, providers can print out information or get another medical provider to explain and clarify pertinent medical information. This can also improve the continuity of care for the patient as well (Kamimura et al., 2020). Having a strong patient-provider relationship can have a positive impact, physically and mentally on the health status of the patient. Whereas a negative patient-provider relationship can have detrimental consequences on the health status of the relationship (Kamimura et al., 2020).

Victoria-

Patient provider communication has a huge impact on health status. Oral communication between physicians and patients has been shown to impact patients knowledge, motivation, decision making, engagement, empowerment, and even health (Nouri & Rudd, 2015). Oral communication is critical for appropriate diagnosis, treatment, and management of diseases (Nouri & Rudd, 2015). Given that I work as an x-ray technologist, I have many examples of why this patient provider communication is so important. A very large amount of our patients come in for x-rays and I ask them why are we doing your x-rays today? These patients do not know why they are there for the exam and let the doctor just order it. We say this so much, it is so important to know why your doctor is ordering a test on you. Especially because some times the doctors or nurses will order the incorrect check or the incorrect side of the patients body. I feel like I cannot stress this enough. Knowing the reason your doctor is ordering an exam/ why you are getting imaging will help prevent mistakes and allow for the proper issues to be taken care of.

Kayla-

An experience I have had with an ineffective use of UDL was in my sophomore year of high school during my algebra class. Our teacher at the time would hand out tests, give us our results, and then make us redo the problems we answered incorrectly until we got them correct. This method could've gone over well, however, there were no additional points given to us once we had gotten the problem right. I find this experience to be an ineffective way of using the tolerance for error concept within a short time period. I can understand how tolerance for error can be used for this experience since turning in the same assignment until it was correct demonstrated positive learning progress and a better understanding of the material, however, I feel it failed when we were not rewarded with any point increase. This made the motivation and moral very low. Instead, the concept would've gone over a lot better if we could use those corrected answers as bonus points, half credit points, or additional points on the next test.

Since this experience was in the form of a test, it did already display a few of the UDL principles. These include simple and intuitive (grading rubric), low physical effort, size and space approach (graphs, charts, word problems, number problems). If the test were an open book test (flexibility in use, perceptible information), a test available to be completed with a parter or small group (equitable use), if we were able to ask questions to help determine the answer (community of learners), the ability to explain the answer through other terms rather than showing our work (also equitable use), etc. this experience would've hit more of the UDL principles we learned during this module.

Shakala-

In a simple term, universal design is a process where there is an abundance of products and or a learning environment that can be obtained and easy to use by anyone (Case, 2008). These products are made and suited for anyone regardless of their limitations, disabilities, and very distinct characteristics or age (Case, 2008). College courses can be very difficult especially when some of the course are only online. For some, the learning envoirmtents must be hands on, active, or some even tend to grasp a concept better just with a lecture. However universal design is meant to cater to everyone's needs and preferences (Case, 2008). Anatomy and physiology two could use a few pointers on different ways to implement universal design. For instance, anatomy and physiology two is a really in-depth course that teaches specifics of the human body and the mechanics and also explains exactly how everything works together within the human body. Not only is this course advanced, but being an advanced course there is a lot of information to be obtained with in a semester, which is technically really hard for students to actually learn the information, initially students just remember a section of the course in order to pass an exam or a practical. In order for this course to be universal, more videos should be added during lecture. Although most people are able to obtain information and take notes, some are more of a visual learner, so incorporating many short clipped videos would increase the amount of information obtained for comprehensive measures. Most Anatomy and physiology courses offer lab, which is a hands on segment of the class but outside of lecture. Incorporating material to take home like lab equipment could significantly increase the amount of knowledge and comprehension of those that have learning disabilities to where it takes them a little more time or those that have a short attention span.